Introduction
Nowadays, many people talk about renewable energy from biomass. However, not many people know that this kind of energy has been a major interest and the subject of trial of many scientists and researchers for many decades. According to them appropriate technologies should be supported, especially technologies that can help to utilize domestic resources for the maximum benefits, such as biodiesel and ethanol which are made from domestic natural resources. So the study and development of bio-energy production process has come and is continuing.
A way of converting biomass into the liquid fuel, which is known as bio-oil, is called pyrolysis process. Pyrolysis is the thermochemical decomposition of biomass occurring in the absence of oxygen. It is the fundamental chemical reaction that is the precursor of both the combustion and gasification processes and occurs naturally in the first two seconds. One of the main distinctions of pyrolysis from other processes is that it usually does not involve reactions with oxygen, water, or any other reagents. The produced bio-oil from this process has the same quality as bunker oil. It can be used as a fuel for gas turbines, diesel engines and boilers. If one modifies the bio-oil quality by adding the catalyst, then the product will become bio-gasoline. Typical bio-oil is a black color liquid. Likewise, there is another bio-product that is called bio char, which looks like black powder and can be used as solid bio-fuel as well.
Mentioning the above, applying pyrolysis technology on converting biomass into bio-oil should proceed concretely. Moreover, producing energy from biomass is also considered as solution for environmental problems, global warming, energy insufficiency, economy and dependence on crude oil, caused by the need for energy from fossil fuel, for an electricity production, transportation and agricultural and industrial practises. By using pyrolysis process we can actually improve our world by the use of natural products and resources. We can say that our world can be safer, cleaner and sustainable.
Problem statement
Every year 1/3 of the annual food production in the world ends up in the trash, which is equivalent to 1.3 billion tons of food. Not only does this mean an economic lost, it means that all of the natural resources used for growing, processing, packaging, transporting and marketing that food were also wasted. Malaysians waste up to 8,000 tonnes or 8 million kilogrammes of food per day, and this amount can feed six million people ("Malaysians waste" 2014).
In TESCO, Seri Iskandar they sell a big quantity of wet food, which mainly consists of meat and fish sections and also fruit and vegetables sections. According to the survey, the amount of food waste produced in this grocery market is nearly 300 kg per day.
Nowadays, many people talk about renewable energy from biomass. However, not many people know that this kind of energy has been a major interest and the subject of trial of many scientists and researchers for many decades. According to them appropriate technologies should be supported, especially technologies that can help to utilize domestic resources for the maximum benefits, such as biodiesel and ethanol which are made from domestic natural resources. So the study and development of bio-energy production process has come and is continuing.
A way of converting biomass into the liquid fuel, which is known as bio-oil, is called pyrolysis process. Pyrolysis is the thermochemical decomposition of biomass occurring in the absence of oxygen. It is the fundamental chemical reaction that is the precursor of both the combustion and gasification processes and occurs naturally in the first two seconds. One of the main distinctions of pyrolysis from other processes is that it usually does not involve reactions with oxygen, water, or any other reagents. The produced bio-oil from this process has the same quality as bunker oil. It can be used as a fuel for gas turbines, diesel engines and boilers. If one modifies the bio-oil quality by adding the catalyst, then the product will become bio-gasoline. Typical bio-oil is a black color liquid. Likewise, there is another bio-product that is called bio char, which looks like black powder and can be used as solid bio-fuel as well.
Mentioning the above, applying pyrolysis technology on converting biomass into bio-oil should proceed concretely. Moreover, producing energy from biomass is also considered as solution for environmental problems, global warming, energy insufficiency, economy and dependence on crude oil, caused by the need for energy from fossil fuel, for an electricity production, transportation and agricultural and industrial practises. By using pyrolysis process we can actually improve our world by the use of natural products and resources. We can say that our world can be safer, cleaner and sustainable.
Problem statement
Every year 1/3 of the annual food production in the world ends up in the trash, which is equivalent to 1.3 billion tons of food. Not only does this mean an economic lost, it means that all of the natural resources used for growing, processing, packaging, transporting and marketing that food were also wasted. Malaysians waste up to 8,000 tonnes or 8 million kilogrammes of food per day, and this amount can feed six million people ("Malaysians waste" 2014).
In TESCO, Seri Iskandar they sell a big quantity of wet food, which mainly consists of meat and fish sections and also fruit and vegetables sections. According to the survey, the amount of food waste produced in this grocery market is nearly 300 kg per day.
Food waste discharging in a landfill may cause ecological problems. Heaps of the dumped landfill waste can be the cause of methane gas production, which causes odor as it decomposes and contributes in formation of germs and vermin. There is another serious issue which is the creation of landfill leachate. This liquid seeps from the landfill, hence entering the environment. Once this happens the hazard of mixing with groundwater occurs. It has to be noted, that those food wastes that contain high rate of vegetable oil and animal fat, grant a good potential for production of liquid fuels. In this way, food waste treatment helps to solve two major problems at once. Speaking more specifically, it diminishes landfill problems and contributes in recovering energy at the same time. Therefore, there is a need to develop and study on a process which will convert those food waste into useful energy.
References
References
- Thesundaily.my. (2014). Malaysians waste 8,000 tonnes of food per day. Retrieved July 30, 2015, from http://www.thesundaily.my/news/1172736